This paper deals with the two-dimensional (2D) finite-element (FE) and magnetic-equivalent-circuit (MEC) modelling of an existing 10 kW brushed wound-field DC machine, taking magnetic cross-saturation into account. The 2D FE model allows to thoroughly investigate the demagnetizing effect of the armature current on the pole flux and the cross-saturation effect on the field and armature-winding flux linkage. A minimum-topology MEC, allowing for these effects is proposed. Some of the reluctances are fitted stepwise using the FE model. It is shown that the simple MEC generates comparable results also at no-load and load conditions, but with highly reduced computational costs. All numerical results are validated experimentally.
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